<nettime> New Interactive Communication and 'Antagonismo' in Italy

["t.tozzi@ecn.org" <Strano.Network@basis.Desk.nl>]

New Interactive Communication and 'Antagonismo' in Italy

By Strano Network

Keywords:  self-governance, co-operation, rhizomatic, cyber-rights

In this text we will try to explain how new digital technologies and the
values of equality, self-governance and co-operation came together in
Italy in the last two decades. We will describe the Italian portion of the
birth of a new global subject who has found in, and develops from digital
communication new means and tools of social and political action.=20

During the second half of the 70's and in the 80's, we saw two different
strands of social protest and rebellion:  the 'Autonomia' movement and
Punk: two distinct movements always sizing each other up.  The former was
rooted in the ongoing conflict with Italian political and economic
institutions and was mostly based on a network of 'centri sociali
occupati' (squatted community centres).

=09The latter has been more of a loose network of individuals and
groups who made artistic experiences and events in the streets or
generally with a social and 'against the establishment' attitude, e.g.
graffiti, mail art, low cost fanzines, music.  The concept of 'doing
networks' and a deep interest in new languages and means of communications
emerged first within the Punk scene.  Punk was an extremely spontaneous
development, without any clear direction or recognisable organisational
structure.=20

The very first experiences of social uses of digital media were
characterised either by a strategy of direct conflict against institutions
or by the experimentation with new languages which might help evade
institutional authoritarianism. Both kinds of experiences fought back
against the "New World Order' and its strategies of global exploitation
and pointed out how the new means of digital communication have a
potential for empowerment and equality.=20

In the following we present a short chronicle of the main events in the
development of socially-aware uses of digital communication and of the
institutional attempts to impede them. Due to space and time limitations,
we are unable to give a complete historical overview of the many who had a
role, e.g. we may only mention the PeaceLink network.  Instead we'll
concentrate on the European Counter Network (ECN), and CyberNet. In our
point of view, these are the two most interesting and influential
experiences we had in Italy.=20

Chronology

Mid-eighties. The group of people who a few years later will be involved
in Decoder starts to meet and to discuss the social uses of BBS and
networked communication;=20

1985 Centro di Comunicazione Antagonista (Florence), Radio Onda Rossa
(Rome), Vuoto a Perdere (Rome) meet to check the feasibility of a computer
network for the exchange of information related to activist movements. The
attempt fails : in Italy it was too early.=20

1986-89 The Decoder group (Milan) explores the possibility of opening a
CyberNet area within Fidonet. They get in touch with a variety of European
groups (Vague, Chaos Computer Club, Encyclopaedia Psychedelica), from whom
they find out about the hacker meeting Icata89 whose 'ethical principles'
they later translate in the "CyberPunk" volume.=20

1988 "TV Stop", a Danish group, make a proposal for a European
'antagonista' (activist) network, the preliminary idea for the future ECN.
Class War (UK), Radio Dreickland (Germany) Coordinamento Nazionale
Antinucleare e Antiimperialista (Italy) are some of those who join in the
efforts. "Remote Access" is chosen as the connecting software and is
decided the European network will be a federation of the national networks
that should be created..=20

1989 The Decoder group tours North Italy in an attempt to convince a
variety of political and counterculture groups to develop a common
network. They fail.=20

1989 Italy starts to be connected with the ECN (via Telix software).=20

1989 (University Occupation Movement 'La Pantera'). A variety of meetings
about networking and its technologies and uses are organised all around
Italy. The difference between two main strands of opinion emerges. The ECN
people see the network more as a new tool for political organisation and
action. The Decoder group, people who are later with the Avana BBS in
Rome, the La Cayenna group in Feltri claim that networks change and extend
human communication possibilities and urge people to explore what that
could mean.=20

1990 The first European nodes of the E.C.N. were born in Italy: Padua,
Bologna, Rome, Milan. These nodes are almost exclusively made up of file
areas used to exchange activist materials with only a few echomail areas
(messages) used just to co-ordinate the structure.=20

July 1990 At Sant'Arcangelo di Romagna Festival, during some lectures
organised by Decoder, the Cyberpunk Anthology, published by ShaKe is
presented. This book will soon became the basic document of the Italian
cyberpunk movement and it is publicly acknowledged as a new possible
social subject.=20

December 1990 "Hacker Art BBS" was born: an artistic self-managed
telematic data base.=20

January 1991 Senza Confine BBS (No Boundary BBS) was born in co-ordination
with a Roman association bearing the same name.  The association was
founded by a European MP. of an Italian leftist party (Democrazia
Proletaria) that promotes the civil and legal defence of immigrants.=20
Senza Confine BBS was born with messages and file areas dedicated to this
subject. In 1991 it became part of the P-net that was a common hobby
network with sympathies for the cyberpunk movement. When the cyberpunk
area of the Fidonet was later closed down, Senza Confine BBS becomes the
vehicle of cyberpunk area itself, amongst other various P-net nodes
present in almost every part of Italy. This situation lasted until the
Florence meeting during which it was decided to create a new independent
network (Cybernet) with gateways opened to all the networks' needs. In
this way it was possible to create a gateway from all Cybernet messages
areas to both P-net and ECN. During the well-known Italian Crackdown in
1994, Senza Confine BBS is the only BBS to remain unconfiscated, so it
became a central point for all the telematic community of this region.=20

March 1991 During the three day meeting "I.N.K. 3D", organised in the
squatted space Isole nel Kantiere in Bologna the new telematic message
area Cyberpunk is presented.  It is hosted by a group of sysops from the
hobbyist network Fidonet co-ordinated by the Fido Milan BBS sysop. During
"INK 3d" in Bologna the cyberpunk area also opened up in the Fidonet BBS
Arci BBS. This area was closed down 2 days later by the BBS sysop after
the publication of an article on the newspaper "La Repubblica" in the
pages of Bologna section linking the cyberpunk area to information piracy.=
=20

April 1991 the Lamer Xterminator BBS was founded in Bologna. It was part
of the upcoming cyberpunk network, but completely independent from
Fidonet, taking messages directly from the BBS in Milan.  This was costly,
and called for a network which would be totally independent from Fido.
This didn't happen, and Lamer BBS died one year later because of financial
problems. The Lamer Xterm activities group went on, however, until 1994,
with the aim of providing everyone with technology. The result of 3 years
of work was 150 courses and workgroups on computer and information
technology held on different levels at a political price and which took
place in the Bolognese underground movement.=20

June 1991 "International meeting" in Venice (proceedings are published by
Calusca Edition in Padua in the same year). In this occasion about 2000
people (many of them representing national and international groups) met
for a period of three days to discuss and to face new activist forms in
opposition to the emerging "New World Order". A specific section was
dedicated to the new forms of telematic communication. This section was
principally oriented to the projects of European Counter Network, but
besides the numerous nodes of this network, Hamburg's Chaos Computer Club,
Radio Onda Rossa (Red Wave Radio), Link and Zerberus from Vienna, Decoder,
Amen also took part in this meeting; there were also speeches on the
Internet, Bitnet, Infonet and Peace-Net.=20

Summer 1991 The E.C.N. starts carrying some material from the cyberpunk
area.=20

July 1991 At Sant'Arcangelo di Romagna Theater Festival the Shake -
Decoder group organised the meeting & inter/active workshop "All
technologies to the people".

The international workshop "Inter-action" decides to study media
interactivity and the necessity for horizontal communication. For this
they study the creation of laboratories for the diffusion of low price
infomatic and telematic technologies.=20

1991 The annual report of the Italian secret service and Department of
Interior covers activist telematics.=20

1991 The ECN nodes linked themselves in a Fido network consistent with the
zone number "45" and region number "1917". Digital material from BBS and
activist organisations comes to and leaves from this network from all over
the world but, so far it seems, no activist BBS networks have been
established outside of Italy.=20

1991-96 E.C.N. tries to also include realities that do not use digital
media - digitising documents produced by these organisations. In this way
the network tries to link every area of the movement through telematic
media. Its goals are modified as such to include the aims of the general
activist movements and not just those of Coordinamento Nazionale
Antinucleare e Antiimperialista (Antinuclear and Antiimperialist National
Co-ordination).  Between 1991 and 1992 ECN begin publishing, as paper
zines and newspapers, the news that was previously only available on
telematic media. From 1993-94 it begins to develop the idea of a network
that is not a simple distribution service but also a new social and
political subject.=20

June 1992 The importance of the cyberpunk movement gains media
acknowledgement - getting a self-managed TV show called "Mixer" shown by
RAI (the Italian national broadcasting company).=20

June 1992 First issues of Feltrinelli's Interzone books.=20

Summer1992 The cyberpunk message areas are closed by the Fidonet's
leaders, completely ignoring users' needs. This closure places in greater
contrast the difference of intentions between the cyberpunk area and
Fidonet's leaders. Amongst the reasons for the closure there is a visit
from the police to a Fidonet sysop managing the cyberpunk message areas.=20

December 1992 Law 518 on copyright passed. This weighs the institutional
management of telematics in favour of protected elites, against the
interests of the people.=20

January 1993 The telematic network "Cybernet" was born. The national hub
is "Senza Confine BBS" (Macerata); the other three nodes are initially
"Hacker Art BBS" (Florence), "Decoder BBS", (Milan) which was started at
this point, and "Bits Against the Empire BBS" (Trento). Before 1995 there
were about forty nodes, distributed all over Italy, with an average of
about 300 users for every BBS, but with up to 800-1,000 users for Decoder
BBS and 5,000 for Virtual Town TV. Unlike ECN, Cybernet presents itself as
an "open" network, with message areas where anybody can both read and
write. Proposals for a rhizomatic kind of telematic network will be
discussed and promoted here to overcome the hierarchic structure of the
FIDO-like model. (These proposals will receive a very detailed formulation
in the "Gaia" project, a description of a network based on technical
self-organisation principles). Cybernet assumes as a basic principle the
right for every person all over the world to communicate without barriers
through telematic media. The proposed model will be used as an example for
all the future discussions not only inside the E.C.N. area but also for
the future civic network and for Internet providers.=20

April 1993 Strano Network (Strange Network) started in Florence.=20

Spring 1993 "No copyright, nuovi diritti nel 2000", ("No Copyright, new
rights in 2000") edited by the Decoder group is published by ShaKe.  This
anthology will constitute the theoretical basis for a political answer to
law 518 on copyright.=20

October 1993 "Immaginario tecnologico di fine millennio" ("Technological
Imaginary at the end of the Millenium") edited by Libreria Calusca of
Padua is published. An important moment of discussion between the
different Italian telematic organisations.=20

December 1993 Law 547. This law begins the regulation of computer crimes
and forms the prelude to the Italian Crackdown.=20

May 1994 The so called "Italian Crackdown" begins: looking for copied
software police make confiscations, with the temporary closure of about
150 BBSs, mainly of Fidonet and Peacelink networks.=20

June 1994 Meeting organised by "Informatica per la democrazia (Computer
Science for Democracy)" in Rome. This meeting examines the laws on
software copyright and computer crimes that are judged illiberal and
potentially dangerous for the telematic network.  It also considers the
applications made by magistrates (in Pesaro, Milan, Rome). For sure, the
laws are an attack on freedom of expression.=20

1994 Start of the Bologna civic network that gives a free Internet e-mail
address to every person living in Bologna.=20

October 1994 Virtual Town TV BBS, (formerly Hacker Art BBS) starts. VTTV
uses the new software First Class with a version - UUCP - that can supply
free Internet e-mail to users, a graphical interface and the possibility
to make multiple chat (5 contemporaneous lines).=20

December 1994 "PsycoSurf" & "MediaTrips", events in CSOA Forte Prenestino
(Rome) with the birth of the Avana group (Avvisi Ai Naviganti - Warnings
To Sailors: the name of the special nautical weather reports on the radio)
and of the Avana BBS. The future activities of the Avana group include:
introduction courses, (Internet, word processing, free systems, etc.);
engagement in electronic democracy, (the Roman civic network); hypermedia
installations; and reflections on the "yield of citizenship " and
"political enterprise".=20

February 1995 " Communication Rights at the End of the Millennium",
organised by "Strano Network" in the Luigi Pecci Center for Contemporary
Art in Prato. For the first time about twenty hobbyist networks also met
at this convention.

This encounter was born from the necessity to find a common platform to
react to institutional actions (the Italian Crackdown) that, in the
initial phase of internet promotion in Italy, both tried to limit the
experiences of data transmission and misunderstood its specific
requirements and purposes. With the birth of the phenomenon of the "civic
networks" it was part of an attempt to formalise just two possible actors
in data transmission: commercial providers and institutional "civic
networks". These were proposed to replace all other things, including the
world of the 'associazionismo' - the grassroots networks. In such
conditions every experience of spontaneous data transmission remained
excluded or "not protected", ( a clear example is the recent censorship of
the field of 'associazionismo' and hobbyist data transmission made
possible by a specific article of the Roman civic network in July 1998).
The proceedings of this convention are collected and published in the 1996
book "Nubi all'orizzonte - Clouds to the horizon " edited by Strano
Network and published by Castelvecchi. Taking part in the meeting were
Cybernet, ChronosNet, EuroNet, E.C.N., Fidonet, Itax Council Net,
LariaNet, LinuxNet, LogosNet, OneNet Italy, P-Net, Peacelink, RingNet,
RpgNet, SatNet, SkyNet, ToscaNet, VirNet, ZyxelNet and many journalists,
artists and intellectuals. The convention was preceded by a "hypermedia
conference " via the networks in the autumn of 1994. The convention
produces a motion signed by all the participants that can be considered
the common base of a new political subject that although composed from a
widely differentiated constellation of social members emerges through the
use of telematic media.=20

March 1995 Decoder Media Party including the presentation of the Decoder
and Strano Network Web sites.  In Rome the web sites of "Tactical Media
Crew" and "Malcolm X" and elsewhere others, are launched.=20

1995 The Decoder group propose a collaboration with the Milan Civic
Network. It is not accepted because it is considered to contrast with the
"civic" organisation of the network and because it is considered too
radical.=20

1995 The civic network of Rome hosts Avana BBS and approximately thirty
other BBS and associations of the Roman area, as a result of one
negotiation.=20

October 1995 About fifteen Tuscan BBSs co-ordinated by Strano Network form
the FirNet network (of which VTTV is the host). In Florence City Hall
FirNet open a "Consultation of the telematic area of the metropolitan
Florentine area" with the demand for a Civic Network in which the BBSs
take part and that also guarantees those ethical principles that Strano
Network had formulated in the text "Fluctuating Interface and
Communication Right" presented in October at the international convention
Metaforum II in Budapest. After few months a Civic Network of Florence
will be started - totally neglecting the demands of the Consultation.
Citizens will not be guaranteed any rights of communication using
telematic media and the civic network will be a simple "display window"
for the promotion of the interests of the shop keeper.=20

October 1995 Strano Network realises in "Cybercaf=E9 Zut" the first public
and free Internet connection in Florence.=20

December 1995 "Warnings To Sailors (AvANa)" in Forte Prenestino (Rome).
Meeting on the new frontiers of self-production and a general test for the
new AvANa BBS using First Class software.=20

December 1995 First global Netstrike, devised and promoted by Strano
Network. To protest against the nuclear experiments at Mururoa, ten sites
of the French government are almost blocked and their operation is
drastically slowed down by thousands of net-strikers from all the world
through a simultaneous concentration of activity of many browser on one
same site. The "Net strike" is the demonstration that the technology of
data transmission supplies also new kinds of social and political protest.=
=20

1996 Netstrike for Chiapas.=20

1996 The start of "Islands in the Network" and the transfer to the
Internet of the main documents of the E.C.N..  Its main message areas are
also now converted into mailing lists: "Movement" (on political
initiatives from alternative movement in Italy), "CS-LIST" (on initiatives
of Italian squatters), "International" (on internationalist news), " ECN
news " (list consisting in a newsletter published by ECN.ORG) that will be
join in few months by "EZLN It" (on political initiatives carried out by
Italian movement on chiapas matters), "Cyber-Rights" (on the Italian
right-to-communicate matters) and "Shunting lines" (on gay and lesbo
matters).=20

1996 Meeting in Pesaro, organised by Metro-olografix and others.=20

1996 Netstrike against American 'justice' (focusing on the cases of Mumia
Abu Jamal and S. Baraldini). The White House site in Washington is blocked
for 12 hours.=20

September 1996 A company is acquitted after being accused of simultaneous
multiple use of Microsoft software whilst only having a single license.=20

1997 513 DPR Regulations governing the encryption of documents.=20

1997 "Infoxoa" was born in Rome, during the G.R.A. (Great Self-production
Connections).=20

May 1997 The "Decoder-Mattino" case. A Roman magistrate, concerning at
some graphics pages in Decoder 8, explains the thesis that,
"Cyberphilosophy, the defence of rights to both privacy and anonymity
using networks has to be considered the behaviour of accomplices to
paedophiles".=20

1997 Magistrate complains about the publication of a book by the Luther
Blissett Project.=20

January 1998 The Anonymous Digital Coalition announces a net strike.  It
stops two Mexicans financial web-sites in solidarity with the Zapatista
cause.=20

1998 The first Italian anonymous remailer started by the ECN. So another
important digital self-defence instrument is added to the already
nourished resources and programs bookcase, which was in the "crypto"=20
directory of the "Isole nella Rete" server.=20

June 1998 " Hack It 98 " at the C.P.A. in Florence. Hack It 98 is the
actual point of arrival of the new social subject's process of growth .

Nearly all the groups and scenes described here participate,
everyone supplying their own theoretical and technical contribution. The
characteristics and the main proposals of this three day event, full of
seminars, demonstrations, installations, conferences, concerts, TV
experiments and self-managed radio are: the horizontal dimension of the
event, without "organisers, teachers, public and customers"  but with
"sharers" ( the meeting is organised by an "open" mailing list);  the
proposal to repeat the meeting annually; the proposal to throw out other
national enterprises; thought by the collectivity and locally organised;
the achievement of an inquiry about work in the field of national data
transmission.

Finally, amongst all the proposals and plans originated by Hack-it 98 one
stands out, the one born at the beginning of the conclusive general
assembly (subsequently re -discussed in the network) about the
constitution of an Agency for communication rights.=20

September 1998 The Agency for Comunication Rights is called for again by
Strano Network, which suggests it has the following main characteristics:=
=20

Using the collaboration and technical hospitality of ecn.org the Agency
should constitute itself as a "non-profit cultural association".  On the
legislative front it will comment on existing laws and watch over
liberty-destroying-legislation; promote referenda on every law that
negates freedom of information and communication on the Network.  On the
legal front, the Agency should offer help to anyone who is a victim of
censorship.  It reserves the right to appear as a civil plaintiff if, and
any time it might be necessary.  On the technological front, the Agency
will comment on any developments that can be thought to decrease the
rights of privacy or access of individual citizens.  The Agency should
defend people using computers at work - stimulate debate about themes such
as: poisoning from monitors; the defence of workers' privacy; potential
guarantees necessary for new forms of work organisation.  The Agency
should strive to constitute a task force of lawyers, jurists and
technicians. This group would be at the disposal of the Agency for advice,
attendance, processing documents, analysis etc.=20

-----------------

MANIFESTO FOR  FREEDOM OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION  IN THE THIRD MILLENNIUM

- FREEDOM OF INFORMATION
- the free, unimpeded exchange of information by the use of horizontal and
interactive communications made possible by all the means that new
technologies offer are essential elements of our fundamental freedoms and
must be supported in every circumstance.
- the right "to inform and to be informed" wants to be free: it belongs to
all the world. It is produced by and for all over the world, so that
access to information must not be the exclusive right of an elite or
privileged groups.
- the networks' property must not be under the control of monopolies or
private and public oligopolies . Communication and information should be
the property of all. The people of the networks must be in a position to
control and to participate in the managerial choices of all those who own
networks.
- communication by private subjects cannot be restricted. Neither can it be
entirely their own property. Customers have the right of self-manage data
transmissions according to  autoregulation criteria.
- information must be accessible to all, and everyone should be able to
insert his/her own information in the network
- the simple technical possibility of access to information is not
sufficient to guarantee peoples' freedom. People must be  free to have and
to use the necessary critical instruments to learn and to process
informations which they need, so that they may make their own
interpretation and transform themselves in meaningful communication.
- people are not the passive terminal of information flows devised by
elites or managers. People's freedom exists in producing social action and
communication, free from prejudice and discriminations on the grounds of
race, sex or religion - even when those actions and communications may
contradict established economic or political interests.
- BBS
- we recognise the public usefulness of the Bulletin Board System and of
every communitarian and non-professional form of communication.  We love it
for its autonomy in managing information, and for its freedom from the
great media and editorial oligopolies
- the activity of the BBS must not be subordinate to authorisations or
censorship.  It must be recognised and protected because it is a social and
useful instrument for the free manifestation of thought.

- TECHNOLOGY
- in the network the standards of communication must be the fruit of a
global decision.  They must not be spread by the economic politics of a
narrow power group. Technology does not have to submit to controls and
economic politics which might stop their distribution or global production.

- PRIVACY
- anonymity must be agreed.  The privacy of every custumer must be
protected. Network customers have the right to defend their privacy of the
data transmissions and by the use of all available technological and
cryptographic means. No  information regarding the personal data of any
individual should be stocked or searched by electronic means without the
explicit agreement of that person.

- RIGHTS, RESPONSIBILITY AND LAWS
- those who manage the nodes of data transmission networks  are not
responsible for the material placed by other people on the system they
manage.  This is because of the practical impossibility of controlling all
of this material and because of the inviolability of private
correspondence. System managers' responsibilities end where customers'
responsibilities start. Interpersonal, electronic communications and other
forms of communication should be defended from every kind of censorship,
control or filtering
- the police seizure of computers to realise investigative aims, instead of
the simple copying of the data-contents of the computers themselves, is a
serious violation of personal freedom that does not have a logical or a
technological foundation.
- we denounce and condemn as unjust the legislation of a false "society of
information ".  For years magistrates have arranged 'motiveless' seizures,
causing damage to the social data of networks and within which they have
penally pursued those who are merely suspected of breaking laws about
computer technologies. It is time to defend the rights of individual
citizens instead of the interests of giant software manufacturers.
- Anyone has the right to use any kind of information and to use it in
total freedom, provided that everybody recognises the intellectual and
economic rights of the authors,  proportionately to intellectual and
economic advantages. The duration and characteristics of economic rights
must not deny the legitimate evolution of knowledge or limit all humanity's
thirst for learning.
- We refuse every present or future legislative form which might limit the
use of data transmission technologies as has already happened for radio
technologies.  Here, a system based on authorisation and licences has
prevented diffuse and popular access to the possibilities of social change
offered by radio. The use of networked electronic communication
technologies must neither be bound by authorisations or concessions, nor
limited by fiscal or bureaucratic obstacles.

June-August 1998 Many attempts at censorship by the authorities and
magistracy were happening (see below). They show an actually increasing
trend of repression and underline the necessity of an international
co-ordination of activist servers

June 1998 As a result of a complaint, the "Isole nella Rete" server was
confiscated because the server contained a message which formed a presumed
defamation of an Italian tourist agency. Massive mobilisation begins
immediately in the networks and in the mass media to defend "Isole nella
Rete", to condemn the seizure, its motivations and its method. The
immediate restitution of the server was an important demand. The principle
that, "The server represents an entire community and it cannot be closed
because of a single action of a single customer on the server" is one of
those supported, together with other principles.=20

1998 July Rome City Council's Civil Network censors the Roman Digital
Forum.=20

1998 July Law about child pornography.=20

1998 July News Servers are declared not to be responsible for the messages
circulating in newsgroups or for the customer's messages, because the
message itself is considered to be "free expression".=20

1998 August A new, clumsy attempt to seize Isole nella Rete's server: as a
result of an inquiry by the criminal police of Massa about a threat to a
local newspaper (with the publication of a message sent in a mailing list
from Isole nella Rete).  The police threaten the seizure of Isole nella
Rete if it doesn't hand over the users' activity log.  Logs had not been
created on INR for a long time so that in the case of such threats they
would be undeliverable.  The server is not seized.=20

August 1998 Seizure of two personal computers at the Isole nella Rete
representative's Bologna home.=20

We acknowledge the support and the wealth of information kindly given to
us by Decoder (Milan), Avana (Rome), Senza Confini BBS (Macerata), Zero
BBS (Turin), and Lamer Xterminator BBS (Bologna).  In this text there are
no names of individuals but only of groups or situations.=20

Internet addresses

- Associazione Culturale Malcolm X www.mclink.it/assoc/malcolm/
- Avana www.isinet.it/lynx, www.wonderpark.com
- Banca Dati della Memoria www.clarence.com/memoria/index.shtml
- Centri Sociali News www.ecn.org/cslist/
- Centro di Documentazione Krupskaja www.geocities.com/Hollywood/2607/
- Centro Popolare Autogestito www.ecn.org/cpa
- Comitato Romano contro la Repressione Mumia Abu Jamal users.iol.it/comlab=
/
- Cooperativa Sociale Blow Up www.blow-up.it/
- Cyber Rights ~ Mailing List www.ecn.org/cybr/
- Cybercore www.sexonline.cybercore.com
- Decoder www4.iol.it/decoder
- Deviazioni, situazioni gay e lesbiche antagoniste www.ecn.org/deviazioni
- Digital Skull BBS www.eldorado.it/dskull
- ECN Bologna www.ecn.org/bologna
- Free Waves www.alpcom.it/hamradio/freewaves
- Infodiret(t)e Padua www.ecn.org/pad/
- Isole Nella Rete www.ecn.org
- Kollettivo Estrella Roja www.ecn.org/estroja
- Kyuzz.org www.kyuzz.org
  (Server che ospita svariati personaggi del panorama cyberpunk italiano
  diventa fondamentale per l'organizzazione dell'hackit98 anche attraverso =
la
  relativa mailing list "hackmeeting@kyuzz.org")
- Luther Blissett (and many others...) http://www.pengo.it/blissett/
- Neural www.pandora.it/neural/
- NeuroZone 2 Alor.home.ml.org
- Orda Nomade www.kyuzz.org/ordanomade/index.htm
- Post_axion Mutante strano.net/mutante
- Radio Blackout www.ecn.org/blackout
- Senza Rete (Cobas) www.geocities.com/Paris/7975/
- Settore Cyberpunk www.ecn.org/settorecyb
- Strano Network www.strano.net
- Tactical Media Crew vivaldi.nexus.it:80/commerce/tmcrew/
- Zero! (Turin) www.ecn.org/zero/
- ZIP! per l'autonomia in rete www.ecn.org/zip/

Bibliography

1986 "Decoder", # 1, Shake Ed. Underground, Milan. (12 issues from 1986).
August1989 "Happening/Interattivi sottosoglia", Firenze.
June1990 "Cyberpunk" anthology, edited by  Shake Ed. Underground, Milan.
July1990 "Rete Informatica Alternativa", in "Decoder", # 5, Shake Ed.
Underground, Milan.
1990 "Amen", # 8, Milan.
September1991 "International Meeting", La Calusca edition, Padua.
June1991 "Opposizioni '80", Amen edition, Milan.
May 1991 Bulletin "Interzone", Rome.
September1991 "Neuronet", Bologna.
October1991 "Data Bank: transazioni, connessioni, controllo", Murnik
edition, Milan.
April1992 "Comunit=E0 Virtuali/Opposizioni Reali", in "Flash Art", april-ma=
y,
#167, Milan.
1st May1992 Translation of  "Giro di vite contro gli hacker", Shake Ed.
Underground, Milan.
June1992 "Conferenze telematiche interattive", edizioni P. Vitolo, Roma.
1992 "Cyber Web - La rete come ragnatela" in Decoder, # 7, Shake Ed.
Underground, Milan.
December1992 "Metanetwork - fanzine su floppy disk e rete telematica per
comunit=E0 virtuali", # 0, Florence. (3 issues from 1993 to 1994).
1992 "Zero Network", Padua.
1993 gennaio "Codici Immaginari", # 1, Rome. (4 issues from 1993 to 1994).
1st May 1993 "No copyright, nuovi diritti del 2000", Shake Ed. Underground,
Milan.
1994 "Regole e garanzie per la Frontiera elettronica" in "Il Manifesto",
07-gennaio, Rome
1994 "Testi caldi - Osservatorio interattivo sui Diritti della Frontiera
Elettronica", Global Publications, Pisa.
1994 "Giro di vite per la libert=E0 d'informazione" in "Il Manifesto",
21-maggio, Rome
1994 "Due leggi da cambiare" in "Il Manifesto", 21- maggio, Rome
1994 "Le trib=F9 delle reti" in "Il Manifesto", 21- maggio, Rome
1994 "Byte avvelenati. Finora solo leggi a senso unico" in "Il Manifesto",
10-luglio, Rome
September1994 "Italian Crackdown", in "Decoder" # 9, Shake Ed. Underground,
Milan.
1994 "Il messaggio tra lavoro e liberta'" in "Il Manifesto", 20-ottobre, Ro=
me.
1994 "La bibbia del modem", Muzzio Nuovo Millennio edition.
June1995 "Le bbs e il futuro", in "Decoder" #10, Shake Ed. Underground, Mil=
an.
1995 "Una legge ai minimi termini" in "Il Manifesto", 10-agosto, Rome.
1995 "Digital Guerrilla", Turin.
1996 Translation of "Hackers, eroi della rivoluzione informatica", Shake
Ed. Underground, Milan.
1996 "Nubi all'orizzonte", Castelvecchi edition, Rome.
1996 "Net Strike, No Copyright, Etc.", AAA edition.
1998 "La nuova frontiera elettronica" in "Il Manifesto", 09-febbraio, Rome
1998 "Ribellione nella Silicon Valley - Processed world anthology", Shake
Ed. Underground, Milan.
1998 "Kriptonite", Nautilus, Turin.
June1998 "Ragnatela sulla trasformazione", Citylights editions, Florence.

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E-mail for Strano Network
t.tozzi@ecn.org

Biography
Strano Network are one of the groups involved in this process. The most
recent achievement was the co-organisation of HackIt 98, a meeting for
hackers, for all of these networks groups and individuals, and for the
defence of cyber-rights taking place in Florence in June 1998.


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